Golden-headed lion tamarin

Golden-headed lion tamarin
	Male at the Cincinnati Zoo
	Female at River Wonders
Conservation status
	; Endangered (IUCN 3.1)
	CITES Appendix I (CITES)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Primates
Suborder:	Haplorhini
Infraorder:	Simiiformes
Family:	Callitrichidae
Genus:	Leontopithecus
Species:	L. chrysomelas
Binomial name
	Leontopithecus chrysomelas; (Kuhl, 1820)
Synonyms
	chrysurus I. Geoffroy, 1827;

The golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas), also the golden-headed tamarin, is a lion tamarin endemic to Brazil. It is found only in the lowland and premontane tropical forest fragments in the state of Bahia, and therefore is considered to be an endangered species. It lives at heights of 3–10 metres (9.8–32.8 ft). Its preferred habitat is within mature forest, but with habitat destruction this is not always the case. Several sources seem to have different information on the number of individuals within a group, and the type of social system that may be apparent. The golden-headed lion tamarin lives within group sizes ranging from 2 to 11 individuals, with the average size ranging from 4 to 7.^[5] According to various sources, the group may consist of two adult males, one adult female, and any immature individuals,^[6] one male and one female and any immature individuals,^[7] or there may be one producing pair and a varying number of other group members, usually offspring from previous generations.^[8]^[9] There is not much known on its mating system, but according to different sources, and information on the possible social groups, it can be assumed that some may practice monogamous mating systems,^[7] and some may practice polyandrous mating systems.^[6] Both males and females invest energy in caring for the young,^[7] and all members of the group also help with juvenile care.^[8]^[9]

^ Groves, C. P. (2005). "Order Primates". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 133. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
^ Rylands AB, Mittermeier RA (2009). "The Diversity of the New World Primates (Platyrrhini)". In Garber PA, Estrada A, Bicca-Marques JC, Heymann EW, Strier KB (eds.). South American Primates: Comparative Perspectives in the Study of Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation. Springer. pp. 23–54. ISBN 978-0-387-78704-6.
^ Kierulff, M. C. M.; Rylands, A. B.; Mendes, S. L. & de Oliveira, M. M. (2008). "Leontopithecus chrysomelas". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008. IUCN: e.T40643A10347712. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T40643A10347712.en. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
^ Baker AJ, Bales K, Dietz JM. (2002). Mating system and group dynamics in lion tamarins. In: Kleiman DG, Rylands AB, editors. Lion Tamarins: biology and conservation. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press. p 188-212.
^ ^a ^b Kleiman DG, Geist G. (2003). Golden-Headed Lion Tamarins. Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia. 2nd ed. 14th vol.
^ ^a ^b ^c Lundrigan, B. and K. Kapheim. (2000). Leontopithecus chrysomelas (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Leontopithecus_chrysomelas.html.
^ ^a ^b Rothe H, Darms K. (1993). The social organization of marmosets: a critical evaluation of recent concepts. In: Rylands AB, editor. Marmosets and tamarins. Systematics, behaviour and ecology. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p 176-199.
^ ^a ^b French JA. (1997). Proximate regulation of singular breeding in callitrichid primates. In: Solomon NG, French JA, editors. Cooperative breeding in mammals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p 34-75.

[msw3-1] Groves, C. P. (2005). "Order Primates". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 133. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.

[SAP-2] Rylands AB, Mittermeier RA (2009). "The Diversity of the New World Primates (Platyrrhini)". In Garber PA, Estrada A, Bicca-Marques JC, Heymann EW, Strier KB (eds.). South American Primates: Comparative Perspectives in the Study of Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation. Springer. pp. 23–54. ISBN 978-0-387-78704-6.

[iucn-3] Kierulff, M. C. M.; Rylands, A. B.; Mendes, S. L. & de Oliveira, M. M. (2008). "Leontopithecus chrysomelas". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008. IUCN: e.T40643A10347712. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T40643A10347712.en. Retrieved 12 January 2018.

[4] "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.

[Baker&Dietz2002-5] Baker AJ, Bales K, Dietz JM. (2002). Mating system and group dynamics in lion tamarins. In: Kleiman DG, Rylands AB, editors. Lion Tamarins: biology and conservation. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press. p 188-212.

[Kleiman&Geist2003-6] Kleiman DG, Geist G. (2003). Golden-Headed Lion Tamarins. Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia. 2nd ed. 14th vol.

[Lundrigan&Kapheim2000-7] Lundrigan, B. and K. Kapheim. (2000). Leontopithecus chrysomelas (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Leontopithecus_chrysomelas.html.

[Darms1993-8] Rothe H, Darms K. (1993). The social organization of marmosets: a critical evaluation of recent concepts. In: Rylands AB, editor. Marmosets and tamarins. Systematics, behaviour and ecology. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p 176-199.

[French1997-9] French JA. (1997). Proximate regulation of singular breeding in callitrichid primates. In: Solomon NG, French JA, editors. Cooperative breeding in mammals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p 34-75.

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Golden-headed lion tamarin

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